eBook english psychology_1

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2. Rigna Pertiwi ( 0824090012 )
3. Novika Safina ( 0824090019 )
4. Wangi Astari ( 0824090003 )
5. Novia Dwi Astuti ( 082409050 )
6. Corry Yosephine ( 0824090029 )
7. Devi Haditia ( 0824090026 )
8. Nurul Kusuma Wardani ( 0824090030)
9. Nur Fatmaningtyas ( 0824090022 )
10. Rika Rahmawati ( 0824090015 )
11. Fera Tamitakana ( 0824090014 )
12. Fanny Meikasari ( 0824090118 )
13. Yunita Purnamasari ( 0824090009 )
14. Destyana Putri ( 0824090100 )
15. Nafisatun Nuraniah ( 0824090109 )
16. Jessika ( 0824090008 )
17. Neshia Sherlina ( 0824090041 )
18. Theresia Friska ( 0824090020 )



UNIT 1
PSYCHOLOGY AT A GLANCE

Psychology studies the activities of individual. The science of human behaviors is actually a group of science. On one side we find psychology investigating the organs and cells that do the work of the organism, and the other side we see the social sciences studying nations and groups of mankind. There is room for a middle science ithat shall focus its attention on individual. That middle science is psychology. Psychology studies the individual’s activities through-out his span of life, from the beginning before birth, up through the end of life. During this life history, the man remains the same individual, although is behavior shows continuity along with many changes. Psychology compares children and adults, the normal and the abnormal and the human an the animal. It is interested in the differences between one individual and another, and still more interested, if possible, in the general laws of activity including event of very different individuals-laws, for example, of growth, learning, thiking and emotion. Psychology can be defined as the science if the individual’s activities. The word “activity” is used here in broard sense. It includes not only motor activities like walking and speaking but also cognitive(knowledge-getting) activities like seeing,hearing,remembering, thinking, and other emotional activities like laughing and crying, or feeling happy or sad. These last may seem passive, because they are activities , for they depend on the life of organism. Any manifestation of life can be called an activity. No matter how passive an individual may seem to himself in watching a game or listening to music, he is really carryng on an activity. The only way to be completely in active is to be dead.

Glossary :

1 Behavior : tingkah laku
2 Attention : perhatian
3 Mankind : orang
4 Remains : tetap
5 Defined : diartikan/didefinisikan
6 Manifestation : perwujudan

Exercise 1

Answer these following question :
1. What is psychology ?
2. Name some individual activities ?
3. Give example(s) of motor, cognitive , and emotional activities ?
4. Is listening to music a kid activity ?why ?why not?
5. What is meant by : the science of human behavior is actually a group of science ?
6. When do we call an individual completely inactive ?
7. The word “activity” is used in a very broad of sense. What does it mean ?
8. What kind of activity is happening when you write a letter to your girl or boy friends ?
9. Why do we study human behavior ?
10. What causes the differences between individuals ?

LANGUAGE WORK
A sentence is a group of woeds contructed orderly. It needs certain rules how to put the words into sentence. First of all, we have to analyze the parts of speech, that is, the classification of word. Traditionally, a word in English is divided into four parts of speech, namely, noun, adjective, verb, and adverb. Look at these example.

1. Psychology compares children and adults.
Psychology : noun
Compares : verb
Children : noun
Adult : noun

2. The word “activity” is used here in very broad sense.
Word : noun here : adverb
Activity : noun very : adverb
Is : verb broad : adjective
Used : verb sense : noun


Behavior , attention, childhood, adolescence, maturity, motor activity, cognitive activity, emotional activity, investigates

1. He loves his mother very much. When his mother was sick, he showed his ………attention
2. When he was child, he never played toys. He really had an un happy …childhood………….
3. Their ……Behavior….. towards me shows that they do no like me. It can be proved from how they look at me. When we meet, they always look away for me.
4. When a boy or girl gets biological changes and psychological changes (puberty), he or she enters in the…maturity……..era.
5. When a baby learns how to take a walk and how to talk, he develops his ……motor activity…...
6. It is common for a mother to make her baby smile by doing a funny thing. Often, she does not get smiling and crying, even laughing, is good for baby because at such time he develops his …emotional activity……..
7. There was a mysterious murder. The police get difficulties to handle this case and look for the murderer. Finally they ask some detectives to …investigates…. This case
8. In Javanese culture when a baby is just delivered by a mother, the other people always try to wake the baby up by making aloud noise. The baby, of course, is surprised. But it is good for because he develops his ……cognitive activity…


UNIT 2

SINGMUND FREUD(1856-1939)

Sigmund Freud was austrian doctor who explored the workings of the human mind. He developed psychoanalysis, which is both a way treating neurosis, or metal disturbances, and a theory of how the mind works.
Freud was born in Moravia, now part of Czechoslovakia. when he was four, his family moved to Vienna, autria . freud entered the university of Vienna when he was 17.one day he attended a lecture on nature. He was so fascinated that he made op his mind to become a doctor.
Freud became interested in diseases of the mind. In 1885, he won a followship to study in paris under the guidance of a doctor, Jean Martin Chariot, who was famous for his work on this kind of diseases. The next year, Freud returned to Vienna ,married ,and began to treat diseases of the mind.
Freud has great insight into the human mind. he though that every person is born whit certain needs ,he said, are uncoscious - people are not a ware of thinking a bout such needs. Freud named the part of mind controlling these instinctive unconscious needs the id, and said that person’s id operates to give pleasure. Freud also said that, as we grow up from infancy, we acquire an ego, a collection of memories and thoughts that help us deal with the word around us. We continue to grow, and from the teaching of our family and society, we develop a superego a conscience. Our superego and id often push in opposite ways. Our ego usually reduces this conflict by helping us to get pleasure without ”hurting” our conscience.
But if a person unconscious thoughts and needs are very strong, they may cause unusual behavior, or neurosis. Freud’s treatment for neurosis is psychoanalysis (examination of the mind), a method for uncovering these unconscious thoughts and understanding how they couse problems, Feud thoughts that dreams-even dreams that seem to make no sense – are a very important clue to understanding the mind.


Glossary

Explore : menyelidiki
Neurosis : gangguan mental
Disturbances : gangguan
Fascinated : tertarik,terpesona
Diseases : penyakit
Fellowship : beasiswa
Insight : perhatian,wawasan
Unconscious : tdk sadar
Id : keinginan,nafsu
Ego : tindakan untuk mendapatkan keinginan
Superego ; norma (yang mengontrol tindakan/ego)
Pleasure : kesenangan
Infancy : masa kecil
Acquire : mendapatkan
Uncovering : menemukan

Exercise 1

Answer these following question based on the above text,
1. When was Sigmund Freud born?
2. How old did he die?
3. What was he concerned whit?
4. When did he join University? What major did he study?
5. Why did he want to be a doctor?
6. Who is jean martin chariot?
7. According to Freud, food and drink are unconscious needs. Why did he say so/
8. These needs, he sad, are unconscious – people are no aware of thinking about such needs, what does ”dash”(-)”mean?
9. Mention the examples of conscious needs and don’t forget to explain each .
10. What do id, ego , and superego mean? Explain by giving examples off each ?

Conscious, make is mind up, fellowship,faschinate ,and acquire,disturbance ,dealing,and ego.
1. He is always confused to choose which girl he should marry. His friends tells him to….which girl he tends to marry quickly.
2. He is a smart students but poor. He wants to enter the university without paying anything. His uncle, then, asks him to join a…. program
3. My child is always interested in toys – cars and always asks me to by them. One day we want shopping in delta plaza. Suddenly he stopped in front of a car – shop and pointed out the big car. As a mater of fact, he was…..by the car, which was like his toy- car. and do you know what happened ? he asked me to buy that car!
4. He was in come for days, but now he is fully…..again
5. Some students say, that they study hard because they when to get reward from their parents.
Some want to obtain good marks and some other want to …..knowledge only.
6. ………some problems we have to discuss, would you piease attend the meeting scheduled on Saturday night, 17 august 1995 at my house.because it’s very urgent, no excuse for your not to come to the meeting thanks a lot.

LANGUAGE WORK
A sentence is a group of words that can be used to communited ideas in writing and is speech. It must at least , have a subject and a predicate( verb),look at these examples;

Sigmund Freud was an Australian doctor.
S V C
He developed psychoanalysis
S V O

Remember.
- Subject is the word (words) that names a person a thing or a plane that a sentence is about. It’s usually a noun or pronoun
- Predicate/verb is a statement about a subject. It expresses an action.

UNIT3

EXERCISE 1 (used either SIMPLE PRESENT or the PRESENT PROGRESSIVE)
1. I can't afford that ring. It (cost) costs too much.
2. Look. It (begin) is beginning to rain. (Unfortunately, I have not) Unfortunately, I haven't my umbrella with me. Tom is lucky. He (wear) is wearing raincoat.
3. I (own, not) am not own an umbrella. I (wear) wear a waterproof hat on rainy days.
4. Right now, I (look) am looking around the classroom. Yoko (write) is writing in her book. Carlos (bite) is bitting his pencil. Wan-Ning (scratch) is scratching his head. Ahmed to be daydreaming, but perhaps he (think) is thinking hard about verb tenses. What (think, you) do you think Ahmed (do) is doing ?
5. There's a book on my desk, but it (belong, not) doesn't belong to me.
6. Dennis (fix) is fixing the roof of his house today and he (need) needs some help. Can you help him ?
7. Barbara (tutor, often) often tutors other sttudents in her math assignment because he (understand, not) doesn't understand the material they (work) are working in their class this week.
8. Right now, I (look) am looking at Janet. she (look) looks angry. I wonder what's the matter. She (have) had a frown on her face. She certainly (have, not) hadn't any fun right now.
9. A: Who is that woman how (stand) is standing next to the window ?
B: Which woman ? (talk, you) are you talking about the woman who (wear) is wearing the blue and gold dress ?
A: No, I (talk, not) don,t know talking about her. I (mean) mean the woman who (wear) is wearing the blue suit.
B: Oh, I (know, not) don't know. I (recognize, not) didn't recognize her.
10. A: Close your eyes. Now listen carefully. What (hear, you) do you hear ?
What (do, I) are you doing ?
B: I (believe) believe you (rub) are rub the top if your desk with your hand.
A: Close, but not exactly right. Try again. (listen, you) are you listen carefully ?
B: Aha! You (rub) are rub your hands together.
A: Right!

EXERCISE 2 (use the SIMPLE PAST or the PAST PROGRESSIVE)

1. I (have, almost) almost had a car accident last night. I (drive) was drive down Washington Avenue when suddenly I (see) saw a car in my lane. It (come) came right at my car, I (step) stepped on the brakes and (swerve) swerved to the right. The other car (miss, just) just missed my car by about an inch.
2. Ten years ago, the government (decided) decided to begin a food program. At the time many people in the rural areas of the country (starve) were starve due to several years of drought.
3. It was my first day of class. I (find, finally) finally found the right room. The room (be, already) was already full of students. On one side of the room, students (talk, busily) talking busily to each other on Spanish. Other students (speak) were speak Japanese, and some (converse) were conversation in Arabic. It sounded like the United Nations. Some of students, however, (sit, just) just were sit quietly by themselves. I (choose) chosen an empty seat in the last row and (sit) sit down. In a few minutes, the teacher (walk) walking into the room and all the multilingual conversation (stop) stopped.
4.. A: (Hear, you) Were you hear what she just said ?
B: No,I (listen, not) was not listen I (think) thought about something else.
5. A: Why weren't you at the meeting ?
B: I (wait) was wait for an overseas call from my family.
6. A: I'm sure you meet Carol Jones at the party last night.
B: I don't remember her. What ( wear, she) was she wearing ?
7. A: What's wrong with your foot ?
B: I (step) stepped on a bee while I (run) ran barefoot through the grass. It (sting) stung me.
8. A: How (break, you) did you break your warm ?
B: I (slip) slipped on the ice while I (cross) crossed the street in front of drom.

EXERCISE 3
1. (A) Sally is listening to music in her room.
(B) Sally is in room listening to music.
2. (A) Roy is taking a nap on the couch.
(B) Roy is on the couch taking a nap.
3. (A) Anita was attending a conference in England last month.
(B) Anita was in England attending a conference last month.
4. (A) The teacher is correcting papers at her desk.
(B) The teacher is at desk correcting papers.
5. (A) Some of the students were late to class because they were playing soccer at the park.
(B)

EXERCISE 4 (use the SIMPLE PAST or the PRESENT PERFECT)
1. I (attend, not) didn't attend any parties since I came here.
2. A1 (go) went to a party at Sally's apartment last Saturday night.
3. Bill (arrive) arrived here there days ago.
4. Bill (be) has been here since the twenty second.
5. Try not to be absent from class again for the rest of the term. You (miss, already) missed already you many classes. You (miss) missed two classes just last week.
6. Last January, I (see) saw snow for the first time in my life.
7. In her whole lifetime, Anna (see, never) have never seen snow.
8. I (know) have knewn Greg Adams for ten years.
9. So far this week, I (have) have had two tests and a quiz.
10. Up to now, Professor Williams (give) had given our class five tests.

EXERCISE 5

1. How many books have you bought since the beginning of the (semester) ?
I have bought six books since the beginning of the (semester).
2. How many letters have you gotten so far this month/week ?
I have gotten three letters this week.
3. How many letters have you written since the beginning of the month/week ?
I have written five letters since the beginning of the month.
4. How many questions have I asked so far ?
I have asked two questions.
5. How many times have you flown in an airplane ?
I have flown ten times in an airplane.
6. How many people have you met since you came here ?
I have met many people since you came here.

EXERCISE 6 (use the SIMPLE PAST or the PAST PERFECT)

1. He (be) was a newspaper reporter before he (become) became a businessman.
2. I (feel) felt a little better after I (take) had taken the medicine.

3. I was late the teacher (give, already) had already given a quiz when I (get) got to class.
4. The anthropologist (leave) left the village when she (collect) collected enough data.
5. It was raining hard but by the time class (be) was over, the rain (stop) had stopped.
EXERCISE 7 (use the SIMPLE PAST or the PAST PERFECT)
1. Class (begin, already) had already began by the time I (get) got there, so I make (quietly) quietly a seat in the


Unit 4

On Being Shy

How I Wish I weren’t Shy !
Preview the topic
1. is it difficult for you to ask strangers for the directions or information?
2. do you let others make the decision for you because you are afraid to speak up?
3. when you are with people who talk with others easly, do you wish you were able to do that?
4. in what situations do you feel shy and uncomfortable?

READING
How many times have you felt angry whith yourself because you were too shy to speak up when you really wanted to have to conversation with others person? Are paties time for standing in the corner and watching chat and dance – afraid to jaoin them? Do you listen to discussions but do not give your opinions because you think you are not smart enough? All these thoughts lead unhappy feelings. This kind of unhappiness cause about not because other people are trying to hurt us. We make this unhappiness for ourselves. Naturally, we really don’t to hurt ourselves, but often we group up thinking we are not good as other – we are inferior; everyone is better, smarter, and more interesting. These negatives thoughts make us shy. Why we do this do ourselves? Only psychologist can discover the reasons. It is interesting to note that very large number of people are shy. There is, however, good news,. If we want to get rid of shyness, it can be done.
We can help ourselves be rid of shyness. Nobody is perfect, and everybody has good qualities. Is it fair to pay attention to our imperfections and overlook our good qualities? Definitely not! The following suggestions may be helpful in reducing shyness:
1. first, understand that you can not eliminate shyness overnight. It is a slow process that you must work in gradually.
2. think about situations when being shy is most painful. Perhaps your biggest problem is making small talk with a stranger at a party. In that case, prepare yourself with some interesting current news to talk about. The weather is the topic often used for starting conversations. 3. getting the otherperson to talk about himself/herelf is a clever idea. Many people enjoy talking about themselves or giving their opinions. For example you can say something like “ I notice you like modern jewelry; your rings are very unusual. Did you design yourself? “. This can be the start of a friendship.
4. knows that if in effort to socialized sometime is unsuccessful, it happen to evyone now and than. Feel proud of yourself for making the effort.
5. if you are required to give a report to a group, tell them that you feel nervous. This feeling is quite natural, and everyone can sympathize. Expressing that the group will make you feel better.
6. think about your qualities and belive that you are as good as anyone els… because you are.
7. take a course in developing self, confidence or read books on the subject.
Life much mire enjoyable for people who are not shy.

Comphrenhension Check
TRUE / FALSE
Are the following statements T / F ? circle the right answere. 1. not are people are shy. T F
2. others make us shy. . T F
3. shy people havw negative thoughts about themselves.
T F 4. at a party, try to speak with at least one person. This a first step in fighting shyness. T F
5. giving someonea compliment is a good why to start small talk. T F 6. shyness should be kept a secret. T F
7. every person has good qualities. T F
8. we can quikly eliminate shyness when we dicide to do that. T F

9. we can reduce shyness with a step by step plan. T
F 10. only perfect people are not shy. T F
Vocabulary Development
Fill in the blanks with approppiate words from the list to complete the following sentences.
Compliments
gradually
Opinions
Current
intimidating Perfect
Discovered
naturally
process
Discussions
negative
suggestions
Eliminate
observe
sympathized
1. Yolanda was very sad when her cat died, and all her friends _________ with her.
2. paul wants to become a doctor ______, he was to go to school for many years and work very hard.
3. when Debbie said she wanted to go to china for 2 months, her family had many________ before deciding to let her go.
4. it is interesting to ________ how students act on the first day of school. Some are relax, but more are shy and uncomfortable.
5. many little vhildren sleep with a small light on their rooms, because darkness is _________to them.
6. kaisha didn’t like her new haircut at all, but she knew her hair would grow long again _________
7. when Maria goes to a party, she loves to get ___________ on her pretty dress.
8. Stephen loves to shop in departmentstores. He always gives away his old clothes and wears the __________ fashions.
9. Sara like to express her _________ on everything even if nobody wants to hear them.
10. a grade of 100% is a___________ score. It means that the students made no mistake on the test. 11. when Min Chen to Queens Collage, she _______ that many people from her city in china were also students there.
12. when Carlos wanted to have a party for his wife, he ask for __________ for interesting food to prepare. After many friends tried to help him, he decided to use his favorite old recipes.
13. applying to collage means sending in an application, getting records from high school, writing your life story , and going for interviews. It is a long __________, and it makes students nervous.
14. my friends think that smoking is a dirty and dangerous habit. I agree with their __________ opinion.
15. people who want to lose weight should __________ candy and ice cream from their diet.

Word Form
WORK WITH A PARTNER

A. Fill the blank with the word that completes each sentence correctly.
B. Write your own sentence, using the word you did not choose to fill in the blank.
1. sympathy (noun) sympathize (verb) Shy people can _______ with others who are shy.
2. natural (adjective) naturally (adverb) It is ______ for shy people to wish they wee outgoing.
3. compliment (verb/noun) complimentary (Adjective) A shy person feels uncomfortable when someone makes a _________ remark.
4. discuss (verb) discussion (noun) Having ______ about shyness can be helpful.
5. current (adjective) currently (adverb) _________, there are several books in the library on the subject of shyness.
6. perfect (adjective) perfection (noun) No one should expect _______from himself / herself.
7. suggest (verb) suggestions (noun) Psychologist has many ________ for overcoming shyness.
8. discovere (verb) discovery (noun) By trying one suggestion at the time, a shy person will _______ her or she can fight shyness.
9. intimidate (verb) intimidating (adjective) Choose a person who is not _________ to invite for coffee and conversation.


Unit 5
Childhood Depression

“nobody likes me” is a commont complaint in middle childhood., when children tend to be popularity conscious. But when these word were addressed to a schoolprincipal by an 8 -year Old boy in Florida whose cused him of stealing from the teacher's purse, it was a e boy vowed that he would never return to school and he days later, he hanged him self by a belt from the top rail of his bunk bed.
Fortunately depressed children rarely go to such lengths, though suicide among young people is on the increase. How can we tell the difference ess period of the "blues" (which we all experience at times) and major affective disorder that is, a disorder of mood? The basic - affective disorder are similar from childhood by some features are specific 9dsm III-r, 1987).
Friendlessness is only one sign of childhood depression. This .LLaracterized by inability to have fun or to concentrate, and normal emotional reactions. Depressed children are frequently tired, extremely active , or inactive. They walk very little, cry a ble concentrating, sleep to much or too little, lose their - g poorly in school, look unhappy, complain of physical erv•;helmingly guilty, suffer severe separation anxiety e ~be form of the school phobia), or think often about death or suicide. Any four or five of these symptoms may support a diagnosis of depression, especially when they represent a marked change from the child's usual pattern. Parents do not always reconigzed minor problem like sleep disturbances, loss of appitite.
No one is sure of the exact cause of depression in children or adults. There is some evidence for a biochemical predisposition.the parents or depressed children are more likely to be depress themselves or the result of poor parenting practices by disturb parents.
Glossary

Complaint : keluhan
Address : menunjukan
Accuse : menuduh
Stealing : mencuri
Vow : berjanji
Features : ciri - ciri
Suicide : bunuh diri
Appetite : nafsu makan
Ailments : penyakit
Trigger : menyebabkan
Vice versa : sebaliknya
Predisposition :kecenderungan

Exercise 1
1. what happens when 5 years old children say “ nobody lukes me”?
2. what happens when 10 years old children say “nobody likes me”?
3. what will the children do when they get depression?
4. why do the children get depression?
5. when the children are accused by their friends, will they get depression?
6. what is (are) the symptom (s) of childhood depression?
7. what happens to the parents when their children get depression?
Exercise 2

Fill in the blank with the listed appropriate woeds.
Accusr, address, appetite, purse, vowed, triggered, feature, severe.
1. I’m not manager. I;m just a staff in this office. Don’t give your complaints to move because I can not determine it’s follow up. Please ………..your complaints to the manager.
2. I really hate someone who ……. Me without a real evidence. Don’t think that I am a thief if tou don’t have a proof. Don’t say that I am a coward if you don’t know much about me.
3. she is a careful woman. She never puts her money iin her pocket. She she always puts it in her …. Besides, she also puts it in the bag.
4. he has sacrificed his life for the woman he loves very much. But the woman unfortunately runs away with the other man. He really hates that woman, even all the woman. He …….. never to fall in love with the women.
5. because of my sadness, I do’t have …….. I am not interested in food in front of me although it is very delicious. I don’t want to eat it.


Exercise 3

Make sentences from the word below.
1. predisposition :
2. feature :
3. triggerd :
4. symptoms :
5. depression :
6. harmless :
7. severe :
8. disturb :
9. complaint :
10. disorder :

Eercise 4
Put the adverb of frequency correctly into tjese sentences.
1. he smoke a ciggarate after every meal (usually).
2. do they write to you? (ever)
3. you can tell if a dog is dreaming by watching its legs (sometimes)
4. I pas the past office on my way back (usually)
5. the roof leaks when it rains (occasinaly).
6. this type of the plants grows tall (never)
7. it rains in this part of the world (hardly ever)
8. do you answere back life this?(often)
9. we correspond through the post (frequently)
10. they ivite us over of a cup of tea (generally).
11. she is very busy at this time of the day (usually).
12. had the lesson stared when you arrived? (already)
13. we have finished our syllabus for a year (nearly)
14. your friend needs your help (always)
15. we are lazy to cook ,so we eat out (sometimes)
16. I tripped over the dog in the dark (almost)

Exercise 5
Substitute a word like always for the multi word adverbial of frequency.
Ex : mary drinks milk all the time.
MARY ALWAYS DRINKS MILK.

1. john drinks coffee some of the time.
2. he almost never drinks tea.
3. mr. Allen drinks coffee much of the time.
4. mrs. Allen almost never drinks coffee.
5. she drinks coffee most of the times
6. mr. and mrs. Clinton eat in restaurant some of the time.
7. chessie almost never eats in restaurant.
8. Philip eats in bamboo restaurant all of the time.
9. she eats at home most of the time.
10. mr. and mrs. Tanty eats in restaurant much of the time.

back.
2. Millions of year ago, (roam) roamed the earth, but they (became) extinct by the time humankind first (appear) appeared .
3. (see, never) I had never seen any of Picasso's paintings before I (visit) visited the art museum.
4. I almost missed my plane. All of the other passengers (board, already) had already boarded by the time I (get) got there.
5. Yesterday at a restaurant, I (see) saw Pam Donnelly, an old friend of mine. I (see, not) hadn't seen her in years. At first, I (recognize, not) didn't recognize her because she (lose) had lost at least fifty pounds.

UNIT 6
CONVERSATION IN GROUP
1.TELL ABOUT YOURSELF OR SOMEBODY OR SOME PERSON YOU NOW WELL DESCRIBE BOTH APPEARANCE AND PERSONALITY.
2.TELL YOUR UNFORGETTABLE EXPERIENCE.
3.DISCUSS ABOUT “INSANE PEOPLE”
4.TELL ABOUT YORSELF AND SOMEBODY OR SOME PERSONS YOU KNOW WELL,DESCRIBE BOTH APPEARANCE AND PERSONALITY.
5.TELL YOUR GROUP MEMBERS WHETHER YOU EVER GET IT,WHAT YOU ALWAYS DO AND HOW YOU ALWAYS TRY TO CURE IT. IF YOU DON”T:PLEASE INFORM YOUR GROUP MEMBERS THE BEST WAY TO AVOID DEPRESSION.
6.ONE OF YOU PRETENDS TO BE A PSYCHIATRIST AND THE OTHER ONE IS SOMEONE WHO WANTS TO COMMIT SUICIDE.THEN MAKE A DIALOGUE.
7.TELL YOUR GROUP MEMBERS ABOUT SOMEONE YOU ARE PROUD OF YOU.
8.TELL YOUR GROUP MEMBERS ABOUT YOUR OWN COMMENT ON”LOVE”
9.ACT OUT CONVERSATION IN A PSYCHOLOGIST”S ROOM IN WHICH HE AND HIS CLIENT DISCUSS HOW THE CLIENT SOLVES HIS PSYHOLOGICAL MALTREATMENT.
10.CHOOSE A SITUATION IN YOUR OWN LIFE WHERE YOUR ENOUGH KNOWLEDGE TO GIVE SOME ADVICE(FOR EXAMPLE,YOU MAY BE ABLE TO GIVE A GOOD ADVICE ON HOW TO FACE LIFE).

ADVICE COLUMN IN GROUP,ACT AS IF A TEAM OF PSYCHOLOGIST.ONE OF THE MEMBERS ACTS AS IF THE CLIENT,FOR ONE OF THE CASES!
1.IAM TWENTY AND ENGAGED.I LOVE MY FIANCE VEY MUCH. THE PROBLEM IS HIS FATHER.
HE IS ONLY FORTY,HIS WIFE IS DEAD.HE SAYS HE IS IN LOVE WITH ME AND THAT WILL KILL HIMSELF UNLESS I MARRY HIM. THE SITUATION IS IMPOSSIBLE.HOW CAN IMARRY MY FIANCE’S FATHER? UNFORTUNATELY,I THINK IAM IN LOVE WITH HIM AS MUCH AS WITH HIS SON.I WANT TO TELL MY FIANCE ALL ABOUT THIS,BUT IF I DO,HE WILL BE HURT AND ANGRY.WHATEVER I DO,IT SEEMS I”LL HURT EITHER HIM OR HIS FATHER.WHAT WOULD YOU DO IF YOU WERE ME?

2.I LOVE MY BOY FRIEND,BUT THERE”S A PROBLEM.HE SEEMS TO LOVE HIS MOTHER MORE THAN ME.
WHENEVER WE GO OUT,HE TAKES HER LONG ,WHENEVER WE GO,SHE GOES,TOO. WHENEVER WE DO,SHE DOES AS WELL.I WOULDN”T PUT UP WITH THIS FOR A MOMENT IF I DIDN”T LOVE HIM SO MIUCH. WE”RE GOING TO GET MARRIED SOON.I”M AFRAID THAT WHEN WE DO,HIS MOTHER WILL COME TO LIVE WITH US.WHAT CAN I DO?

3.TELL SEVERAL THINGS YOU WOULD SAY IN EACH OF THE FOLLOWING SITUATIONS.USE THE EXPRESSION “IF WERE YOU”TO GIVE ADVICE. SITUATION A A FRIEND OF YOURS IS PLANNING TO DRIVE HOME FROM A PARTY AND ASKS YOU TO COME A LONG.YOU KNOW THAT HE HAS ALREADY HADS SEVERAL DRINKS AND IS ABOUT TO HAVE ANOTHER. SITUATION B ANOTHER FRIENDS TELLS YOU THAT HE IS GOING TO BUY A USED CAR FROM A CAR DEALER WHO ADVERTISES ON TELEVISION.YOU KNOW THAT ADS ARE LIESBECAUSE LAST YEAR YOU BOUGHT A CAR FROM THE SAME DEALER. SITUATION C ANOTHER ONE OF YOUR FRIEND,WHO HAS AILWAYS BEEN A VERY SERIOUS STUDENT,ANNOUNCES THAT HE IS GOING TO QUIT SCHOOL.
4.GIVE A SHORT TALK ABOUT THE BIRTHDAY CELEBRATION YOU WOULD HAVE IF YOU HAD THE TIME AND MONEY TO CELEBRATE YOUR NEXT BIRTHDAY IN WHATEVER WAY YOU WANTED.WHERE WOULD CELEBRATE? HOW MANY FRIENDS WOULD YOU INVITE?WHAT KIND OF FOOD AND DRINK WOULD YOU SERVE?WHAT KIND OF ENTERTAIMENT WOULD YOU HAVE?WHAT GIFT WOULD YOU LIKE TO RECEIVE?SINCE THE PARTY IS IMAGINARY,THERE ARE NO RESTRICTIONS.YOU COULD,FOR EXAMPLE,HIRE A PRIVATE PLANE AND BRING FRIENDS FROM ALL OVER THE WORLD

Unit 9
Emotion
You have surely been angry at someone, and you have been afraid of something. You love some people and hate some. Anger and fear, love and hate are emotions. Some other emotions are joy, hope, delight, despair, sadness and disgust. Every one has emotions.
Emotions come upon you suddenly. You do not thinks emotions, you feel them. You do not think, "This is an uncaged tiger, I have heard that tigers sometimes kill and eat human beings. I am a human beings, so I will now be afraid of the tiger." Instead, you feel afraid instantly upon finding your self near a tiger out of its cage. You do not think afraid, you feel afraid.
Emotion can be aroused when information comes to you trough your senses. You see someone dear to you, and you feel love. You hear a scraping sound in a dark room, and you feel fear .You smell an unpleasant odor, and you fell disgusted Emotions can also be aroused by thoughts. You think of someone who embarrassed you, and feel anger or hate. You think of a test you are not ready to take, and you feel fear or sense defeat.
Thought you are not aware of can also bring out emotions. These are called unconscious thoughts. For instance, when you were very small, you may have been scared by a big, barking dog. You forgot about this unpleasant happening, but it is stored in your unconscious memory. You may now be nervous of a big dogs.
People seem to be born with a few emotions and gradually learn the rest. A newborn baby fears falling and loud sounds. Yet very young babies do not seem to fear anything else. They must learn to be afraid of fire, dangerous animals, and other things that can harm them. The fears of falling and loud sounds do not have to be learned.
The "word" emotion comes from the Latin word exmovere, meaning "to move you, or to stir up." Your emotions move you, carry you away, stir you up, and cause you to act. Joy may make up jump up and down, clap your hands, and smile or laugh. Fear may make you nm and scream, or stand and tremble.
Emotion also affect you body in ways you are not aware of fear cause the adrenal glands to secret into your blood a chemical substance called adrenaline. Adrenaline makes your heart beat faster, your blood to go from your muscles, stopping digestion. Sugar stored in your muscles and liver is sent into your blood. You may tremble and perspire. Your body is ready to react to what is causing your fear. You may run away, or try to fight or hide. Glosarry

Delight : kesenangan
Despair : keadaan putus asa
Unchanged : bebas , tak terkendali
Instantly : segera
Disgusted : benci
Embarrassed : malu
Adrenal gland : kelenjar adrenalin
Secrete : proses pemisahan zat ( dari darah ) dalam tubuh untuk dipergunakan atau di buang
Perspire : berkeringat
Exercise 1.
1. What is emotion? Give some examples to support you answer.
2. How does emotion come to you? Give the example to make you idea clearer.
3. You do not think emotion, you feel them ( p.2 ). What does this statement mean?
4. What is you opinion if someone doesn't have unconscious thought?
5. Observe the statement of the first and the last sentences of paragraph 5. What do you think of the relationship of both?
6. How do babies "Learn" to be afraid of the dangerous things?
7. What happens if we do not have emotion?
8. What is the relationship between emotion and our body?
Exercise 2. read the paragraph in which following italicized idioms or expression are found. Then choose the best meaning of idioms or expression as used in the context in the article.
1. You love some people and hate some
2. Emotion can be aroused when information comes to you through your senses.
3. Emotion also effect your body in ways you are not a ware of.


Exercise 3

Without referring to the text. Fill the blanks in the following sentences with the correct word from this list. You may change the tense, number, or from of the words to fit the context.
Fear, love, hate, nervous, laugh, disgust, delight, despair, sadness, hope, unconscious, smiles, screamed, anger
1. After the car had knocked her down, she lag …….. for half an hour.
2. Ari was so frightened when his friend jumped down from the tree that he ..... loudly.
3. Some students stand at the corner of the class in ……. and trembling because teacher will punish them.
4. Last night we watched Kirun on TV. He was very funny > He made us ……….. 5. Titi ……… anyone listening while see was telephoning.
6. the naughty boy takes great ………… in pulling the cat's tail.
7. He was filled with ..... when he read the examination questions because the questions were too difficult.
8. His ……. at the government's policy caused him t resign.
9. Afi is chosen as the best student in his class :He is all …….
10. I have five children. Four of them died because of an accident. Now I have a child only. He is my last ……

LANGUAGE WORK
Pay attention to this sentence :
1. Emotion can be aroused by thoughts (p3) : passive sentence
Thoughts can arouse emotion : active sentence
2. thoughts you are not awar.e of can also bring out emotion. ( p 4 ); active sentence
Emotion can also be brought out by thoughts you are not aware of : passive sentence.
• Passive modals can be formed by modals ( can, must, should , will, may, might) + past participle ( V III )
• The general from is the same as the passive sentence.

Exercise 4
Change the active sentences into passive ones.
1. You can probably repeat your name, address, telephone number, and the name of your teacher without looking them up.
___________________________________________________________________ 2. Intelligent person can use knowledge in new situations or problems.
___________________________________________________________________ 3. Animals can’t do mathematics because they do not have intelligence.
___________________________________________________________________ 4. Sigmud Freud said that unconscious ideas can affect health.
___________________________________________________________________ 5. Medical treatment can best help people suffering from drugs.
___________________________________________________________________ 6. You should open the wine by smiling.
___________________________________________________________________ 7. Senior students will serve students by from expression.
___________________________________________________________________ 8. People must not leave bicycles in the hall.
___________________________________________________________________ 9. Members may keep books for three weeks. After that they must return them.

___________________________________________________________________ Exercise 5 Change the passive sentences into active ones. 1. Something will only be brought to mind under certain condition.
___________________________________________________________________ 2. Many psychologists be have that intelligence can be measured with various kinds of tests.
___________________________________________________________________ 3. Many animals can be trained to do things they do not other else do.
___________________________________________________________________ 4. Everung dresses will be worn.
___________________________________________________________________ 5. Someone will have to be found to take her place.
___________________________________________________________________ 6. This rumor must have been started by our opponents.
___________________________________________________________________ 7. Your money could be put to a good use instead of being left idle in the bank.

___________________________________________________________________ Exercise 6
Describe the picture. Fit the listed words with the picture and use passive modals to explain if it is possible: cry, frown, laugh, shout, smile, stare, yawn.
Describe the picture. Fit the listed words with the picture and use passive modals to explain if it is possible: bored, crazy, cross, exited, happy, surprised, unhappy.
LET’S TALK
1. Tell us about something that frightens you, makes you happy, makes sad, or angry.
2. Tell about yourself or somebody you know well. Describe both appearance and personality by using the words in language work part c and d.
3. Tell the picture orderly. These words and phrases may be useful in your story : barbershop, long hair and a bread, fell asleep, barber cut his hair very short, lathered his chin, shaved off his bread, shocked to see his hair so short and bread gone, refused to pay , walked angrily away.

Unit 10
PSYCHOLOGICAL MALTREATMENT
The physical pain of abuse may heal quickly, but the psychological scars may never go away. Lasting scars may also result when parents regularly ridicule children or coldly turn away from a child's pleas for affection and attention.
Physicians, legislators, and mental health professionals are becoming increasingly concerned about psychological maltreatment, which has been broadly (and vaguely) defined as action (or failure to act) that damages children's behavioral, cognitive, emotional, or physical functioning. Abusive parents may reject, terrorize, isolate, exploit, degrade, or corrupt children and be emotionally unresponsive to them. As a result, children may fail to reach their full potential as adults. The impact of maltreatment is unpredictable; many maltreated children grow up to lead healthy, productive live. Many others, however, suffer for years as the result of psychological abuse. Psychological maltreatment, of course, is an element in the more than 2 million cases of child abuse and neglect. But it also occurs with out physical abuse. It has been linked to children's lying, stealing, low selffesteem, emotional maladjustment, dependency, underachievement, depression, failure to thrive, aggression, homicide and suicide, as well as to psychological distress in later life ; and it may also playa part in learning disorder.
Psychological maltreatment occurs both in families and in institutions, such as schools, hospitals, day care centers and juvenile justice programs. School has come along way since lessons were "taught to the tune of a hickory stick," with a dunce cap as a "reward" : but some schools still attempt to instill discipline through fear, intimidation, and degradation.
Institutional maltreatment is easier to stop than maltreatment by parents. In most states, children may be taken from abusive parents; however, the courts are often reluctant to take this step except in extreme cases, especially when it is unclear that institutional care will be better.
The best way to prevent such behavior is intervention before birth. Social service agencies can teach high-risk parents about child development, offer them support services, and train them to be more sensitive to babies 'needs'. To eliminate psychological maltreatment, society needs to question its values and make the needs of children a clear priority.
Glossary
Scar(s) : kesan buruk
Ridicule : mentertawakan / mengejek
Plea(s) : keinginan yang sangat / serius
Affection : kasih saying, cinta
Abusive : jahat, kejam
Degrade : merendahkan
Maltreatment : penganiayaan
Maladjustment : ketidakmampuan menyesuaikan diri
Thrive : maju dengan pesat
Homicide : pembunuhan
Reluctant : segan, enggan


Questions
1. What is psychological maltreatment ?
2. What are the examples of psychological maltreatment ? and why do the children get psychological maltreatment ?
3. What are the symptoms of the children who get psychological maltreatment ?
4. Is there any positive and negative impact of abusive parents on children?
5. Why does psychological maltreatment occur in families and schools?
6. How do we overcome psychological maltreatment ?
Exercise 2
Give some example of psychological maltreatment in family, institution, society, and other places.
Exercise 3
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words provided below.
1. When he was still a boy, his behavior towards his parents was very rude. His such behavior made his parents sad and sick . And even because of their sadness and sickness his parents died . Now he just realizes that what he has done before is wrong. He thinks that he is the only person who has killed his parents. Such experience left him a ______________ He is afraid of facing the old people.
2. As parents, they should keep the polite speech to their children. They should not criticize what their children do rudely. If they do it, they will be____________________________ parents.
3. As a good friend, you should be able to appreciate the effort of your friends to change their bad attitude (improve their bad attitude). You should not _________________________ them because their willing to try to improve their attitude is the first good thing.
4. He got a hard sickness. He has already tried to see many doctors but the result is nothing. They cannot _____________________ his sickness. Now he just waits the fate.
5. I realize that I'm wrong. That's why I have to as your forgiveness. I do hope you accept my _________________________________ for apologize.
6. Most of people know that he is a troublemaker. What he does only causes a problem for someone else. He never helps his friends. Therefore, when he gets an accident, all his friends are ______________________ to help him.
7. Nowadays, many ____________________________ are done by a person, because of a simple reason. For example, he killed his closed friend only because his friend didn't want to lend him money.
8. His faith is not strong. When his girlfriend died, he tried to accompany her by killing himself on a tree. Fortunately, his effort to _____________________ has been known by his friend and, of course, he is safe .Now he is still alive.
9. Everyone has ___________________ if other injures it, he will do everything he can do to keep it. It is the symbol of his life. He will be ashamed if other destmys it easily.

LANGUAGE WORK
Native the following sentences :
a. physician legislator, and mental health professionals are becoming increasingly concerned about psychological maltreatment.
b. psychological maltreatment, of course, is an element in the more than 2 million cases of child abuse and neglect.
The italic words in the first sentence (a) are countable nouns. Meanwhile, the italic word in the second sentence (b) is accountable noun. Let's observe the following countable and uncountable noun attentively.
CUONTABLE NUON UNCUONTABLENOUN
1 book, 2 books, 3 books, ....
1 student, 2 students, ......

1 chair, 2 chairs, 3 chairs, .....
1 apple, 2 apples ,3 apples, ......
Ink Milk
Air
coffee
Countable noun is a noun than can be counted. Most nouns have singular and plural forms.
SINGULAR PLURAL
Student
Book
Man
Echo
Knife
Deer
Criterion
Stimulus
Thesis
index Students
Books
Men
Echoes
Knives
Deer
Criteria
Stimuli
Theses
Indices/ indexes
Exercise 4

Write down the plural forms of these words.
1. child : ………………………..
2. hero : ………………………..
3. mouse : ………………………..
4. monkey : ………………………..
5. industry : ………………………..
6. woman : ………………………..
7. fox : ………………………..
8. goose : ………………………..
9. sheep : ………………………..
10. series : ………………………..
11. belief : ………………………..
12. leaf : ………………………..
13. self : ………………………..
14. echo : ………………………..
15. photo : ………………………..
16. analysis : ………………………..
17. hypothesis : ………………………..
18. curriculum : ………………………..
19. phenomenon : ………………………..
20. lady : ………………………..
Exercise 5
Put the following words into the correct sentences and change them into plural if it is necessary.
1. I have some Coins in my pocket. In other words, I have some ________________ " in my pocket.
2. The Mississippi, the Amazon, and Nile are well known ______________ in the world.
3. I like to listen to operas, symphonies, and folk so …………. I enjoy.
4. Since I came to the United States, I have visited Chicago. New York, and Miami. I want to visit other _______________________ before I return to my country.
5. The street is full of cars, trucks, and buses. This street always has heavy ___________________ especially during rush hour.
6. In the last couple of years, I've got to France, India, and the Soviet Union. I like to take _______________________ In other words ___________________ is one of my favorite activities.
7. I put some banana peels, rotten food, and broken bottles in the waste can. The can is full of __________________________.
8. They have a rusty car without an engine, broken chairs, and an old refrigerator in their front yard Their yard is full of _______________________.
9. Paul has books pens, papers, notebook, a clock, scissors, a tape recorder, and some other things on his desk. He has a lot of ________________on his desk.
10. The children got scared when they heard ____________________ during the storm
11. Tools that are used to fasten screws into wood are called _________________
12. I went to the store to get some nails, hammers, and strews. In other words, I bought some _____________________________________
13. Tonight 1 have to read 20 pages in my history books, do 30 problems in algebra, and write a composition for my English teacher. In other words, I have a lot of _____________________ to do tonight.
14. Ann took three suitcase, a shoulder bag , and a cosmetic case. In other words, she took a lot of ____________________________on her trip.
15. Toronto is 356 st./ 109 m above see level. The average annual precipitation area is over 3,000,000. I found (this, these) ________ in the encyclopedia.

Exercise 6
Construct negative sentences with much or many.
Use the word clues. Examples : We read a lot of magazines. (book)
BUT WE DON'T READ MANY BOOKS
She has a lot of work. (time)
BUT SHE DOESN'T HAVE MUCH TIME.

1. She has a lot of friends. ( money)
2. We playa lot of sports. (tennis)
3. I eat a lot of rice. ( potato)
4. There were a lot of trees. (grass)
5. he visited a lot of towns. (park)
6. The bought a lot of souvenirs. (clothes)
7. I write a lot of letters. (report)
8. They cat a lot of vegetables. (fruit)
9. They eat a lot of meat. (fish)
10. he bought a lot of shirts. (tie) <
br> Exercise 7
Construct sentences with as much ………… as or as many ………… as.
Example: Mr. David has three cars. Mr. John ha two cars.
MR. JOHN DOESN"T HA VB AS MANY CARS AS MR. DAVID
Mrs. Maya drinks three glasses of water everyday. Mrs. Sari drinks three glasses of water everyday.
MRS. MAYA DRINKS AS MUCH WATER AS MRS. SARI.
1. I have five shirts. Frank has ten shirts.
2. I ate two apples. You ate three apples
3. Alice is going to spend 3000 rupiahs on lunch. Ellen is going to spend 3000 rupiahs on lunch.
4. Stanly used ten pieces of paper . Lina used ten pieces of paper.
5. Mr. Joe has two children. Mr. Zen has three children.
6. Jack ran in six races. Edwin ran in seven races 7. Dina bought three bottles of soda. Iffah bought four bottles of soda.

Exercise 8
Construct the following data into sentences. Use more .... than or less ……. than and either the least or the fewest.
Examples : attend / class
Clinton 15 classes a week
Blair : 13 classes a week
Adam : 11 classes a week
CLINTON ATTENDS MORE CLASSES THAN BLAIR AND ADAM.
BLAIR ATTENDS FEWER CLASSES THAN CLINTON
CLINTON ATTENDS THE MOST CLASSES
ADAM ATTENDS THE FEWEST CLASSE.
UNIT 1 1
CLARENCE TULLY: A MAN WITH A SECRET
Preview the topic
1. Do you have fantasies or daydreams about being someone you are not ? Who is it ? Why did you choose that person? What qualities does she or he have?
2. Has a person you really know been in your fantasies?
3. In what situations have you told false information about your life?
4. Do you know anyone who mixed up fantasy and real life?
Reading
Clarence Darrow Tully was fall, good - looking, and intelligent. He worked as a reporter at first and eventually became the publisher of two newspapers in Arizona. He was a competent newspapers executive and got along well with other important people in the community. He was very successful in his career. There was, however, something unusual about Tully that was a secret for along, long time.
When Clarence Darrow Tully was a young man, he told everyone to call him "Duke". He copied that name from a famous movie actor, whom Americans liked because he was strong, tough, and brave. Tully wanted to be admired for the same reasons as this actor was. He also believed that men in military uniform looked strong, tough, and brave. Tully wanted very much to make this impression on others. His desire for this image got stronger as time went on.
He tried to join the Air Force, but poor vision prevented him from being accepted. His older brother became a Marine pilot and was killed in service in 1942. When this happened, Tully began to put his imagination to work: he started to tell untrue stories about his personal life. At first degree. Every time he got a promotion in his career, He added more stories about brave active duty in the Korean and Vietnam wars.
When Tully went to military meetings or gatherings with real veterans as a reporter, he would dress in a serviceman's uniform. As he became more comfortable with the uniform and the imaginary stories about his years in the Air Force, he began to wear medals of honor and make the stories more danger- filled and exciting. Also, as he got more important jobs in real life, he gave himself a higher rank in his fictitious military life. He became a second lieutenant, then a first lieutenant, then major. It got to the point where he himself could not tell the difference between fact and fiction any more. In really, he never attended co lIege or served in the Air Force. Tully was doing very well in this career, and people easily trusted and respected him. He was always careful and consistent when he talked about his military adventures. He did not make mistakes with his " facts." He was a clever impostor; he told believable phony stories .No one questioned the exciting, brave dangerous events of his nonexistent military experience. He deceived everyone for many years.
Recently, something happened that changed Tully's whole life. In his newspaper, he published some negative articles about a well know lawyer of his city. This lawyer became very angry with Tully. He decided to investigate Tully's personal life. In a short time, he discovered that Tully was an impostor. He publicized the fact that TulIy told untrue stories about him self. Tully immediately acknowledge alI his dishonest information and resigned from his job. He did not give any explanation or his behavior. He put himself in the care of a psychiatrist in order end out why he did this. As he entered a hospital in Arizona, he said," I hope you can find it in your hearts to forgive me" whit these words, the fantasy life- style of "Duke" Tully
ended. Comprehension check
TRUE / FALSE

Are the following statements true and false? Circle the correct answer.
1. Tully's middle name is Duke. T F
2. Tully's father was killed in the Air Force. T F
3. Tully admired brave, tough men. T F
4. Tully's stories grew more exciting as he got older T F
and went a head in his career. 5. Tully went to college and then served in the Air T
F
force. 6. Tully is intelligent but has poor eyesight. T F
7. Tully was able to fool people about his personal T F life many years.
8. An angry lawyer found the truth about Tully's life T F
9. Tully joined the Air force late in life. T F
10. Tully wanted help to find out why he made up false T F
stories about himself.

VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT
Fill in the blanks with appropriate words from the list to complete the following sentences.
1. Helen accepted the job as waitress with the hope of getting a __________________ in the near future. She wants to become the manager of a fine restaurant someday.
2. Joseph was working during the day and attending college at night. He knew it would take a long time, but _____________________ he would get a college degree.
3. Nika was planning a surprise birthday party for her mother. She asked all the guests to keep it a __________________________________________
4. Irene was a very ____________________ worker. Any task she had to do was completed on time and done well.
5. The _______________________________ vice president of the company had a very responsible job. He was in charge of every department of the store.
6. Benjamin received an award for his ____________ behavior. He saved his neighbor's life by pulling her out of the river when she started to drown.
7. As a shy person, I always ______________ people who are comfortable and at ease in social situations.
8. Nina was a little nervous about her job interview. She wanted to make a good ____________________________, because she really wanted this job.
9. Doris didn't like to wear her eyeglasses, even though her __________ is poor. She is getting a new pair of glasses; I hope she likes them better.
10. Stefan has a good ___________________ and makes up many fun games to play with his brother.
11. Evelyn decided to concentrate on her ______________ as an actress. She gave up plans for marriage and family temporarily.
12. Howard enjoyed reading _______________ books to get away from real life for a while.
13. Chris was a very _________________ tennis player. She didn't try fancy ghost, but she always managed to get a good score.
14. The "doctor" was immediately fired from his job when they learned he was an _______________________. He fooled many people in the hospital with his white jacket.
15. People began to realize that Paul was a _________________. They were tired of his stories and stooped believing everything he said.
16. The selfish manager refused to __________________ that other workers helped make the new shoe department successful.
DEFINITIONS

WORK WITH A PARTNER
Working together, define the vocabulary words and write your definitions the blanks. Then practice the dialogue with your partner, using the appropriate words. The first one is done for you.
1. Phony not truthful not science _____________________________ imagination nation of the mind _________________________________ - It's wonderful to have a good imagination. Sometimes it is the first step toward a new invitation.
- For invitation ,it's great. However, using the imagination to tell lies and be phony is not really advisable.
2. acknowledge (verb) acknowledgement (noun) When Tully was discovered to be a phony, he made instant __________ of the lies ___________________________________________________________________
3. imagination (noun) Imaginary (adjective) Tully’s _______________________ created a whole new life for him.
___________________________________________________________________ 4. admire (verb) admiration (noun) Tully wanted _____________________ for this bravery and strength ________________________________________________________________
___ 5. secret (adjective / noun) secretive (adjective) Tully's actual past life was a ________________________________ ; he hold everyone phony stories.
___________________________________________________________________ 6. competent (adjective) completely (adverb) Although Tully told everyone imaginary stories for many years, he did it ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________
7. fiction (noun) fictitious (adjective) Tully’s employers never thought that his personal stories were ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________
8. promote (verb) promotion (noun) From time to time, Tully would _________________________ himsel f in hi
s fictional military service. ___________________________________________________________________ 9. impress (verb) impression (noun)
Tully wanted to ___________________ people that he was strong and brave so he passed along imaginary stories about himself.
___________________________________________________________________ 10. consistent (adjective) consistently (adverb) In order to have people believe him, Tully had to be _____________________ with his stories.
___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ REVIEW THE STORY

Circle the correct word that fits the sentence
Early in life, Tully admired / acknowledged men who either were or looked strong and brave / consistent. Copying a movie actor, he took the name "Duke" for himself. In his imagination / impression, he thought it made him a tough man.
Later in life, he tried to join the Air Force but was not accepted because of poor vision / phony. He was very disappointed. He then started his fiction / career working for a newspaper. At one point, his brother was killed in the Marine Corps. That's when Tully started to create fiction / secrets about his own life in the Air Force. As he got promotion / vision on the job, he continued to be an secret / consistent with the details of his stories.
Phony / Eventually, Tully became an executive / impostor in the newspaper company . By that time , he was an officer who had earned medals in his phony / vision. Air Force experience. He gave many people the career / impression that he was a brave officer.
One day, however, Tully's secret / imagination was out. A lawyer discovered the truth about him. Tully immediately acknowledge / eventually the truth and went into a hospital to get help for his problem.
LONELINESS
Before reading the passage,answer these question
1.Do you ever feel lonely?
2.Why do we feellonely?
3.What is your feeling when your lonely?

.Altought many many people value relationship above all else,satisfying ties are hard to achieve and loneliness is a common dilema for both children and aldult.The experiense of loneliness,altought conceptualized in various ways,has two deffining features .First,it is unpleasnt;second the lonely person perceives deficiencies in social in relationship.One may be cut off from social ties withsitout feeling lonely. Loneliness can occur in these overlapping situasion. ChAnge in social relations.Close relationship often end as one partner moves away psycholo.y or physically or dies.The equality of relationship sometimes deteriorates with time.
Answer these question below.

1.What loneliness?
2,Why does loneliness happen to both children and adults?
3.What is the effect of loneliness?
4.When does loneliness happen?
5.In what situation does lonelines usually occur to children?
6.If u move to a new environment,sometimes u feel lonely.In which point do u find?
7.Give the examples that loneliss appear more negatively?
8.What is relationship between cultural inflluences and loneliness?
Question
1. What is intelligence ?Give the example to support your explain
2. What is intelligent for?
3. Can intelligent be measured ? How ?
4. Explain the correlation between intelligent, a test and life.. 5. What is IQ?
6. Is someone who a high IQ always smart Why ?
7. Human being at the most intelligent animals, What does this statement mean ?

Exercise 2
1. People who want intelligent learn what they are taught easily and quickly.( P.1 )
2. The scientist believe if a person can deal intelligently with some problem in a test, he or she will also deal intelligently with problems in everyday life(p.2)
3. Since a human being is certainly t the biggest animal, or the animal with the biggest brain, intelligent cannot be measured by size(p.7)
4. An animal in the jungle knows who its enemies are, and it keeps put of their way. It knows what foods are good for it and how to find these foods.
5. Rat used intelligence to get a food that seems out of their reach. They in the result also learn to avoid food that has been poisoned.

Exercise 3
1. Why can’t animal read, do mathematics, and build buildings?
2. There are two person. One is 8 years old and other is 16 years old. Both of them have a mental age of 12.
a. Describe the person who has chronological age of 8 and mental age of 12.
b. Describe the person who has chronological age of 16 and mental age of 8.
c. Compute their IQ and explain in the result verbally? d. Give a reason why their the is person who has a chronological age of 8 and mental age of 12.
e. Give a reason why their the is person who has a chronological age of 16 and mental age of 12.
3. Answer the question on paragraph six and find other references to strengthen you answer.

Exercise 4
Mental age, determine, face, formula, divide, multiply, represent, affect, travel, keep out, train, perform, chronological age, intelligent, instinct, complex
1.He is afraid of…his boss after making such a fool of himself at the meeting. Actually he has to meet the boss soon.
2.He is…his thumb. He always does it whenever he wants to eat something.
3.”If we want to know whether someone is smart or not, we have to know his IQ” may friend said. ”How can we know the IQ?”I asked.Without answering he gave me a piece of paper,which explains how to calculate IQ, that is… 4. He was born in 1970 and he a did in 1980. According to ……. He died when he
was ten years old.
5. Zevi is a smart student. By her …… she can do test easily and quickly.
6. She is sixteen years old but has ……. Of five. The way she thinks and the way she talks is like a child.
7. As a good shopkeeper she has to be able to solve every problem politely.. Even when she faces an angry customer she must ……. Something to do with him sagely.
8. He really feels sad when his girlfriend gets with another. He brings his sadness to everywhere. His sadness…….. His life, involving he result of his final test.
9. It is difficult to tell his life story. He’s married to Susan, but Susan’s in love with his brother He’s on the other hand, in love with his sister in law. Oh it is too …… To explain. 10. If we want to fly, we need practice and practice. Even we have to look
for the method and learn how to fly well. However a little bird can fly without learning. It flies by using its……..